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Colorectal cancer (CRC), which includes cancers of the colon and rectum, is one of the most common cancers worldwide and ranks as the fourth most common cancer in India. It typically begins as small, non-cancerous growths called polyps in the lining of the large intestine. Over time, some polyps can become cancerous if not detected and removed. The good news is that colorectal cancer is highly preventable and treatable when caught early through regular screening. In India, CRC incidence is rising, particularly among younger adults. Recent data shows that up to 21–40% of cases occur in people under 40 years of age—higher than in many Western countries. Urban lifestyle changes, dietary shifts, and increasing obesity are contributing factors. With over 64,000 new cases reported annually (as per GLOBOCAN estimates), awareness about symptoms, risk factors, and timely screening is critical for saving lives. Patients seeking expert care often look for the Best GI Cancer Surgeon in South Delhi to ensure accurate diagnosis and advanced treatment options What Are the Symptoms of Colorectal Cancer? In the early stages, colorectal cancer often produces no noticeable symptoms, which is why it is frequently called a “silent” disease. Many people discover it only during routine screening. As the cancer grows, common symptoms may include: These symptoms can overlap with benign conditions like hemorrhoids, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), or infections. However, if they persist for more than two weeks, especially in individuals over 45 or with risk factors, consult a specialist immediately. In younger patients (under 50), symptoms are sometimes dismissed, leading to delayed diagnosis and more advanced-stage presentation. Causes and Risk Factors Colorectal cancer develops when cells in the colon or rectum undergo genetic mutations that cause uncontrolled growth. Most cases are sporadic (not inherited), resulting from a combination of lifestyle and environmental factors over years. A smaller percentage (about 5-10%) are linked to inherited syndromes like Lynch syndrome or familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). Major risk factors include: In India, rapid urbanization, Westernized diets (high in processed foods), and rising obesity rates are believed to drive the increase in early-onset CRC. More than half of cases may be linked to modifiable risk factors, making prevention through healthy lifestyle choices highly effective. Screening for Colorectal Cancer: Why It Saves Lives Screening is the most powerful tool against colorectal cancer because it can detect and remove precancerous polyps before they turn malignant, or identify cancer at an early, curable stage. Survival rates exceed 90% for localized disease but drop significantly in advanced stages. Current guidelines (aligned with USPSTF, ACS, and global standards) recommend starting regular screening at age 45 for average-risk adults. Continue through age 75 for most people; decisions after 75 or 85 should be individualized based on health and life expectancy. Common screening options: Any positive non-colonoscopy test requires a follow-up diagnostic colonoscopy. In India, where population-level screening programs are still evolving, opportunistic screening is strongly advised, especially for those with family history or symptoms. High-risk individuals (e.g., with IBD or hereditary syndromes) may need earlier and more frequent testing. Dr. Neeraj Chaudhary emphasizes that timely screening can prevent most colorectal cancers. As a leading GI surgeon, he guides patients on choosing the right test based on their risk profile and ensures seamless follow-up care. Treatment Options for Colorectal Cancer Treatment is tailored to the cancer’s stage (how far it has spread), location (colon vs. rectum), and the patient’s overall health. A multidisciplinary team—including surgeons, medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, and pathologists—develops the best plan. Main treatment approaches: Modern advancements in robotic GI surgery have significantly improved outcomes, reducing complications and hospital stays. Early detection combined with expert surgical care leads to excellent long-term survival. Prevention Tips You can lower your risk substantially by: Consult the Best GI Surgeon in Delhi NCR: Dr. Neeraj Chaudhary If you or your loved one is concerned about colorectal cancer symptoms, risk factors, or needs expert management, seek care from an experienced specialist. Dr. Neeraj Chaudhary is a highly accomplished surgical gastroenterologist with over 20 years of experience. He serves as Senior Director & HOD – GI, GI Oncology, Minimal Access & Bariatric Surgery at Fortis Hospital, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi. He completed his MBBS and MS (General Surgery) from Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, and DNB (Surgical Gastroenterology & Liver Transplantation) from Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Delhi. Dr. Chaudhary specializes in robotic and laparoscopic GI surgeries, HPB oncology, complex colorectal cancer management, and liver transplantation. He is renowned for performing advanced minimally invasive procedures with precision, offering patients faster recovery and better outcomes. He also consults at his Gastro Liver Centre and is associated with leading hospitals in the Delhi NCR region. Patients appreciate his patient-centric approach, clear explanations, and commitment to quality, affordable care. Whether you need screening guidance, polyp removal, cancer surgery, or second opinions, Dr. Neeraj Chaudhary provides comprehensive GI oncology expertise. Contact and Consultation: Book an appointment at Fortis Hospital, Vasant Kunj, or visit the Gastro Liver Centre. Early consultation can make all the difference. Read More Blog Gallbladder Cancer Care: For Kidney & Stone Treatment?